Calculating-machine.



110.881,571. PATBNTED 1111111.10, 1908. H. P.. GOLDBERG. GALC'ULATING MACHINE.

PPLI T1011 Hmm .2 A GA MR 6 1906 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

110.881,571. PATBTBDMA'R.1O,1908. H. E. GOLDBBRG.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED HAB.. 26, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 881,571. PATENTED MAR. 10, 1908,

H. E. GOLDBERG.

GALCULA'IING MACHINE.

APPLIGATIoN FILED 11111.26, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W. @mm/g@ PATBNTED MAR.10, 1908. H. 1:. GOLDBBRG.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED nu. 2s, 1906 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4..

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UNITED sTArEs ParENT oEEicE.

HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG. OF CHICAGO. ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO GOLDBERG CALCULATING MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

' CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Application led latch 26 .'I'o all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IIYMAN ELI GOLD- Bano, a citizen of the Inited States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Calculating-Machines, of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates to calculating machines including calculating attachments to typewriters and is more particularly concerned with the register or totalizing mechaiiism` the manner in which it is opeiated by the valuatiiig or differential mechanism,l and the means for indicating whether the number exhibited is a plus or minus Iquantity.

ln the most common computations the results are positive quantities, representingr something more than zero. 'hen such coniputations are done mechanically, the results ap )ear upon the figure wheels or other figure iiiiicators of the inachine, and are to be taken as positive uaiitities. But in some forni ofl commercia and banking/accounts, the results muy beat times positive and at other times negative, and for such conditions it becomes desirable to provide means for indicating to the operator whether he is to consider the visible number as a positive or a negative quantity.

The object of this invention is to provide such indicating means in connection with a totaliaer adapted to exhibit positive and negative quantities.

The general plan of carrying out the invention in its present form is to provide two sets of figure wheels, one representing positive and the other negative quantities, and providing means for temporarily covering with a screen or shutter the reading line of the set which is not to be-read. t k

l obtain mv object by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure i is a general front view of a typewriter attachment einbodying in vinvention. Fig. .2 is transverse vertical section taken on the line '2---2 Fig. ll. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of the double totalizer showing the position of the iuaster wheel relative thereto. Fig. 4 is a front or face view of the totalizer showing the positive ligure wheels covered and the negative wheels exhibiting the number 126 thus indicating that the o number exhibited is---l'ltt Fig. is .a front Specification ot Letters Patent. Patented March 10, 1908.

,' isos.. Sernin. aosms.

cover removed. Fig. 6 is a pers ective view ofthe highest one of the figure W eels and its adjacent gear. Fig. 7 is an assembly view partly in section showing totalizer wheels.

ig. 8 is a View of a group of parts illustrating their cooperative relationship.y Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the intermediate Wheel located farthest to the right on the totalizer. Fig. 10isa sectional view taken on line 10- 10 Fig. 7. Figs. 11, 12, 18, 14 are side views of component parts of the totalizer. Fig. 15 is a transverse yvertical section of a modified and preferred forni of totalizer showing a single screen or shutter adapted to cover, one at a time, the reading lines of bot-h totalizers. Fig. 16 is a front View of the parts in Fig. 15 showing the housing partially broken away. Fig. 17 is a front sectional elevation through the housing showing the manner of mounting the shutter therein.Y

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views'.

The master .or setting wheels 1 rotate amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered and serve to operate the totalizer. In the present drawings a plurality of these master wheels is shown, each of them rigid -upon a common rotatable shaft 2 mounted in suitable stationary brackets, 3 or otherwise. A plurality of master wheels is re uired for certain kinds of accounts, but as arA as the present invention is concerned the principle ofconstruction and operation may be completely illustrated in connection with a Single master wheel.l In the construction shown, the shaft 2 and master wheels 1 are rotated 'by nieans of a bevel pinion 4 meshing with a bevel gear 5 on the side of one of the master wheels.

Although this invention is not concerned with the construction ofthe mechanism for imparting the proper amount of rotation to the master wheels, I have, in order to show a coiiipleteniachine, indicated that the 'pinion 4 is rotated by a shaft 6 which in turn is operated by a di 'tizing or differential mechanism 7 connecte( to and operated by the figure keys 8 of a typewriter. The typewriter here shown has a stationary frame work 9 and a. traveling carria e l0. lThe forni of the digitizing or di erential mechanism here indicated is described in detail in Patent No. 782,554 issued to me February 14, 1905.

view of the totalizer showing a portion of the The totalizer travels in unison with the carriage, and although various means for accomplishing this may be employed, in the present design it is mounted upon bar 11 carried by the brackets 12 from the slide 13. The totalizer housing 14 which incloses and supports the totalizer parts, 'fits over bar 11 in such manner as to prevent the swinging of the totalizer about said bar as an axis. Any suitable construction Will suffice so long as the totalizer is held rigidly to its path in such manner that the totalizer wheels will come properly into mesh with the master wheels in passing them. In order that the totalizer may be ad'usted to and held' at the proper point along ar 1] a set screw 15 orv equivalent device is employed. Slide 13 travels along the station guide bar 16 which is arranged parallel with the direction of travel of the carriage ;land the movement of the carriage is im arted to said slide by means of an arm 17 i e nding from the carriage and ftting'into t e socket 18 attached to said slide.

As best shown in Figs. 1 to 5, the totalizing mechanism comprises two totalizers, mounted preferably in a single housing 14. In the simplest, and hence. the preferred construction the totali'zers are operated directly from the master wheel without the-interposition of intermediate gears. The figures upon the figure Wheels of the totalizers are so arranged that for the same motion of the master wheel, one totalizer adds and the other subtracts. In order to produce such efi'ect, the

figures ro ess inopposite directions if the figure W ee s.rotate 1n the same direction, as in the design here shown, but they would progress in the same direction if thel figure wheels should be designed to be rotated in oppositeirections.

he type of totalizer here shown is described in detail in Patent No. 782,605 issued to me Februa 14, 1905, and a brief description thereof wlll be sufficient for the present pu In each totalizer the arts are carrie upon a main shaft 19 whic is non rotatably4 supported in the side walls of the housin 14.

eferring more particularly to Figs. 6 to 14 inclusive, each totalizer comprises a plurality of sets or groups consisting of five principal parts, to wit: the totaliziug wheels 20, the carrying pinions 2], the accumulating wheels 22, the epicyclic pinions 23 and the intermediate wheels 24. 24 are all freely'1 rotatable about shaft 23 independently t ereof with the exception of wheel 24" located at the extreme right to correspond with the units column. his wheel is rigidly fastened to shaft 19 by means of a pin 24b (shown in Fig. 9) although any other means may be substituted for holding it- 'd and non rotatable. The function of said wheel 24* is to form a fixed basis of ref- Wheels 20, 22 and erence or foundation for the mechanism from which the rotatable parts move their definite amounts.

In each group of parts, 25 represents a disk-like supporting piece secured to the shaft 19 by means of a spline 26. Said supporting piece has at its left portion a hub 25'* which is cylindrical in form and forms a bearl shown which for structural reasons is pre-- ferred, there are, on each totalizin g wheel two series of figures each series running from 0 to 9, thus making 20 figures each 1/20 of a circumference a art. Said wheels have formed on their right portion an internal forty-toothed gear 20l best shown in Figs. 8

and 10, and tothe left of said gear portion 20* is an internal cylindrical surface 20b which constitutes a locking ri'n7 for locking the carrying inion 21. Eacrh totalizing wheel has two s ots or spaces 20" locatedy diametrically opposite to each other, each slot having a proJecting carrying tooth 20d at each side thereof for engaging said carrying pinion. The construction is such that the carrying teeth' 20 of the wheel 20 will engage the short teeth 'of pinion 2l and rotate the same two st'eps or spaces, after which the locking ring 20b will enter between two long adjacent teeth on the p'inion 2l and lock the same. During the rotation of the locking pinion the space 20" will permit therotation of the carrying pinion by receiving one of the long teeth thereof. Thus when the totalizing whcelf20 is rotated it will, twice during each complete rotation, impart a partial rotary movement to its carrying inion t carry the tens. Each totalizing w ieel 20 is supiported b the contact of its internal c lin rcal su ace or locking ring 20b upon t e cylindrical edge of the supporting piece 25. Said wheel is thus freely rotatable independs ently of piece 25 and remains at all times concentric with shaft 19. The totalizing wheel 20" and su porting ieee 25 (shown at the extreme le t of Fig. 7 are slightly modified to illustrate the form which these parts will take toimpart a workmanlike ap earance to the highest or extreme left part of) the totalizer.

The accumulating-wheels 22 are plain thirty-two toothed spur gears having a comparatively large central aperture so tliat they may set over and be freely rotatable upon the points of the teeth of the intermediate- ICC totalizer.

wheels 24. Said accumulatmg wheels are narrow and their teeth roject beyond the circumference of the tota izing-wheels 20, so that they may be engaged by the master Wheels 1.

Extending toward the left from each accumulating-wheel 22 are the pins 22 which constitute axles upon which the epicyclic pinions 23 are freely rotatable; they are designed to remain at all times in mesh with both the intermediate-wheel 24 and the internal gear-wheel 2() for transmitting rotation from the former to the latter. Each intermediate-wheel 24 is a wide faced twentyfour toothed spur gear having a full complement of teeth, and when in position in the hub 25, remains permanently in mesh with the carrying pinion 21, so that any rotation of said pinion would impart rotation to said intermediate wheel. Said intermediatewheelv also remains permanently in mesh with the epicyclic pinions 23 aforesaid and the relationship of the )arts is such that the pinion 23 engages the Ileft portion of wheel 24, while the pinion 21 engages the right )ortion thereof, and the accumulating-wheels 22 occupy an intermediate position. 'lhe function of said intermediate wheels is to transmit rotation from the carrying pinions 21 to epicvclic pinions 23 and through said epicyclic pinions to the accumulati-ng wheels 22.

From the above description it will be apparent that the rotating of the accumulating wheels will cause the rotation of the figure wheels in the same manner as in any other Moreover each totalizer is reversible in the sense that the accumulating wheels may be rotated in either direction.

lt will be understood that the actual construction of the totalizing wheels is not an essential feature of this invention and that totalizers having other specific constructions may be substituted. For example the form of totalizer shown in Patent No. 741,961 issued to me October 20, 1903 might be selves, it is not necessar that said totalizing wheels perform the dou le function of carri'-v ing and directly exhibiting the numerals. The totalizing wheels would be "provided with numerals even if they operated separate numeral hearing members.

The housing 14 has two sight apertures 28 and 29 at the reading lines of the two totalizers through which the numbers set up thereoninay be read. that the numbers on the up )er totalizer are to be positive quantities and the ones of the lower totalizer negative uantities.

Reference will first be ad to the form of shutters shown in Figs. 1 to 5. Fastened to the highest totalizing wheels 20' (which are adapted for use in this connection by those Let it be supposed also the figure wheels in this construction), are the screens or shutters 3() which extend to the right com )letely across the totalizers and when opposite to apertures 28 and 29, hide the figures from view. 'l`he location of the shutters, circumfercntially, on wheel 2t)f is at the next figure space behind the "0, that is, just )rior to the commencement of the series of figures, (in a decimal system opposite to the 9" as shown in Fig. so that a shutter would be brought o iposite tothe sight Vaperture by rotating a wlicel 2U" negatively. ln other words the totalizer wheels and shutters are so arranged that, on the ositive or upper totalizer, "0 or any mimer above zero will be visible through the. upper sight aperture, but any negative rotation from zero-will immediately bring the shutter opposite to the said sight aperture and hide the upper positive totalizer figures from view:v And inversely, on the negative or lower totalizer 0" or any number below Zero will be visible'through the lower sight aperture, but any plus or positive rotation from zero will immediately bring the lower shutter opposite to said lower sight aperture and hide the within figures from view. Thus, except when all of the figure wheels are at zero, only one set of figures will be visible at a time, and whether the visible numbers are positive or negative depends upon whether they appear through the upper or lower sight aperture.

The totalizing wheels 2()f which support the screen or shutter are here illustrated'as similar in construction to the 'ligure wheels and are placed upon the same axle. This arrangement is not essential, however, and it is sulicient if the shutter be moved at the timel when the highest totalizing wheel crosses the zero point.

lt is obvious that as the wheels 22 of the different totalizers rotate simultaneously and in equal amounts, there is no reason wh they could not be geared together.

n Figs. 15, 1G and 17 there. is shown a modified and preferred forni of' totalizer screen or shutter and this form is preferred for the reason that a single shutter performs the function of the two shutters illustrated in the previous figures. With this .preferred form all parts of the mechanism, excepting the housing are constructed the same as before and the housing is substantially the same. 'lhe shutter 31 however in the present instance is vertically arranged and is of sullicient height to extend from one set of ligure wheels to the other. lts dimensions are such that when it is raised it will cover the upper sight aperture '.28 and uncover the les other set is uncovered and the operator is able to read from only one set of figure wheels at a time. The manner of mounting the shutter is immaterial, but in the shown design said shutter has wings or lugs 32 which are guided in vertical slots in the side of theiiousing.

Shutter 3l is operated from the highest wheel 20f of one of the totalizers in any `suitable manner. In the present design the operative connection is made by means of a pm 33 projecting from wheel 2W of the upper totalizer and penetrating an aperture 34 in the shutter.

Although the present construction shows a plurality of master wheels and means for )ringing the totalizer into engagement witvh them one after another I do not herein claim the same as these matters are claimed in my copending application filed May 28, 1904, Serial No. 210,158.

. What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: n

1. In acalculating machine the combination of a reversible totalizer having movable parts including numeral bearing members, actuating means therefor, and means operated by one of the movable parts of sald totalizer for hiding the figures of the numeral bearing members at the reading line when the totalizer has been reversely operated be- `vond zero.

2. In a calculating machine the combination of a reversible totalizer embodying numeral bearing members; means for actuating said totalizer, and `means operated by the numeral bearing member occupying the highest. ordinal place thereof for hiding. the numerals at the reading line when the totalizer has been reversely operated beyond zero.

3. ln a calculating machine the combination of a reversible totalizer embodying totalizing wheels provided with figures: means for actuating said totalizing wheels, and a shutter operated b v one .of said totalizing wheel for covering the figures at the reading line when the wheel having, the highest ordinal place value is rotated reversely lievond zero. y

4. In combination, two totalizers, and a single differential mechanism adaptedy tol operate both of them simultaneously and o`ppositely so that the amount added on-one will be simultaneously subtracted on the other, and means` operated by apart of one of the totalizers for indicating from which one of them the total should be read. Y

5; In combination, totalizing mechanism having a double set of totalizing-wheels, means for operating both sets simultaneously in opposite directionsone for addition and the other for st1btraction;'and means operated by one of said totalizing wheels for indieating where the total is .to be read.

t. A totalizing mechanlsm having two sets of totalizingv wheels adapted to exhibit two sets of numerals each .at a different readin line, in combination with means for operatmg both sets simultaneously in opposite directions, one for addition and the other for subtraction; and a shutter, operated by one of said totalizing wheels for hiding one or the other set of numerals.

7. In combination, two totalizers, a single member adapted to operate them simultaneously one in a direction to add and the other in a direction to subtract; a differential mechanismfor actuatin said single operating member; two sets o ure wheels constituting a part of said totahzers and means operated by the highest figure wheel in one of said totalizers for indicating from whichset of figure wheels the total should 'be read.

8. In combination, two totalizers, each having a set of figure wheels a single differvential mechanism adapted to operate both `neously subtracted on the other; ashutter for hiding the numerals at the reading lines, said shutter beingIv adapted to exhibit one reading line of numerals at the time it is hiding the other line, and means operated by an Ielementl of one of said totalirers for operating said shutter.

l0. In combination, two reversible totalizers each having totalizin wheels provided with numerals and capab e of rotating reversely throu h zero; a single 'differential mechanism a apted to operate both totalizers simultaneously and op ositely so that the amount added fon one wi l be simultaneousl)T subtracted .on the other; and a shutter capable of covering the reading line of only one totalizer at a time, said shutter bein operatively connected to the left portion o one of theI totalizers whereby the movement of the shutter will occur when the totalizing wheel having the highest ordinal place is moved.

tion for producing addition on one totalizer and subtraction on the other; the figures of `,the different totalizers being so arran ed that when one totalizer is at zero the ot ier will also be at zero 3 and a shutter capable of covering the reading line of only one totalizer at a time, said shutter being operatively connected to the left or highest totalizer wheel in such manner that said shutter will be moved when said wheel is moved backward from zero.

12. In combination, two totalizers each including totalizing wheels rovided with figures, the figures on said ure wheel being arran ed in opposing series so that the driving o the wheels in the saine direction will cause one totalizer to add and the other to subtract; a differential mechanism adapted-to drive the different wheels in thesame direction for producing addition on one totalizer and subtraction onthe other, the igures of the different totalizers being so arranged that when one is at zero the other will also beat zero; and a shutter capable of covering the reading line of only one totalizer at a time, said shutter being operatively connected to the left or highest portion of one of the totalzers at a pointthereon corresponding to the 9 of the series of figures whereby the shutter will be moved to cover the reading line of any given totalizer when the totalizing wheel having the highest ordinal lace in such totalizer is moved backward rom zero.

13. .ln combination, a master wheel, means for operating it, and two totalizers adapted to be engaged b v said master wheel simultaneously, said totalizers beingcppositely arranged, whereby a given rotationvof the master wheel will cause an addition on one totalizer and a like subtraction upon the other and both of said totalizers being adapted to register above and below zero and a shutter operated by the highest totalizing part of one of said totalizers for covering the readin lines thereof when such totalizer is actuate( in its own particular negative direction, beyond zero.

14. In a calculating machine, the combination of two totalizers, each totalizer including totalizing wheels provided with fig-l l ures, the figures on said wheels being ar# ranged in o posing series so that the rotation of sai whees in the same direction will cause one totalizer to add and the other to subtract, and a differential mechanism adapted to operate the totalizing `wheels of the different totalizers in the same direction for producing addition on one totalizer and subtraction on the other.

15. In a calculating machine, the combination, with a master wheel and its differential actuating mechanism, of a totalizing mechanism adapted to run'from positive down to negative quantities and vice versa,

said totalizing mechanism having two different sets of totalizing wheels each having ii ures whereby the total may be exhibite and means operated from the highest totalizing wheel in one of the sets for hiding thefigures on either set when they go below zero.

16. In combination, two traveling totalizers and a stationary differential mechanism ada )ted tooperate both of them simultaneous y, one in direction to add and the other in direction lto subtract; a stationary bar, means slidingly but non-rotatively mounted upon said bar for supporting said totalizers, and means operated by the highest member of one of said totalizers for indicating from which totalizer the reading should be made.

17. In combination, two traveling totaly izers and a stationary differential mechanism ada ted to operate both of them simultaneous y, one in direction to add and the other in direction to subtract; astationary bar, a housing over said totalizer having a sight aperture therein at the reading line of each totalizer, said housin being slidingly but non-rotatively inounte u on said bar, and means operated by the big est part of a totalizer for closing the respective sight apertures when the res ctive totalizer wheelsrrotate beyond zero in a direction opposite to the one in which they rotate to make the exhibited digits increase. f

18. .ln combination, a key operatedy typewriter having a stationary frame, a traveling carriage, a non traveling setting wheel, differential mechanism. for o ierating the same, and two totalizers traveling in unison with the carriage andfembodying wheels adapted lto be rotated in either direction', as they come into mesh with the master wheel in traveling past it, said totalizers being so arranged that the rotation of v'a master wheel in any given direction will cause one totalizer to add and the other to subtract, and a shutter adapted'to cover, one at a. time, the figures of each totalizer, said shutter being operated by the highest operating part of atotalizer for indicating from whichtotalizer the resulting number shouldbe read.

19. Ixicombna'tioiifaikey operated typewriter |having a stationary frame,` a traveling carriage, a non traveling setting wheel, differ-l ential mechanism for o erating the same, and two totalizers trave ing in'unison with the carriage and embodying wheels adapted to rotate in either direction, and to f come into mesh with the master wheel in traveling past it, said totalizers bein so arrangedthat the rot-ation of a master w eel in any iven direction will cause one totalizer to ad and the otherto subtract, and a shutter operated by lthe highest part of one of said totalizers for' hiding the fi ure wheels of either' of them at the reading ine when such vfigure wheels progress in a reverse direction beyond zero.

20. In combination, two totalizers and a stationary differential mechanism adapted to operate both of them simultaneously, one in direction to add and the other in direction to subtract; a'traveling bar, means slidingly but non-rotatively mounted upon said for supporti said totalizers, to b them simultaneous y into engagement wit said differential mechanism and means for adjusting said totalizers lengthwise of said bar.

21. In a calculating machine, the combination of a master wheel and two totalizers adapted to travel relatively thereto to come into mesh therewith, said totalizers havin a fixed path of travel andthe parts of sai totalizers being so arranged that the rotation of the master Wheel in any given direction will produce addition in one totalizer and subtraction in the other.

22. In a calculat' machine, the combination of a master w eel and two totalizers the parts of said totalizers being so arranged that the rotation of the master wheel in any given direction will produce'addition in one totalizer and subtraction in the other.

23. In a calculating machine, a differential one totalizer and simultaneously cause subtraction upon the other.

24. A totalizing mechanism adapted to exhibit two rows of gures, means for operating the ordinal parts of said totalizing mechv anlsm and meansoperated by a part of the totalizing mechanism of highest order to determine upon whichvrow the total is to be found. 25. A totalizing mechanism embodp'ng totalizing members provided with figures arranged to be exhibited in two rows, means for operating said members in combination with means controlled by the highest totalizing member for determininor upon which of said rows of figures the total is to be found.

26. A totalizing mechanism having figure wheels adapted to show a plurality of horizontal rows of figures; in combination with means for screening all but the row which constitutes the proper result, said'screening means including a art controlled by a member having the hig lest ordinal vaille in said totalizing mechanism.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

HYMAN ELI GLDBERG.

Witnesses:

HOWARD M. Cox, DWIGHT B. Cui-:EVEIL 

